{"id":44275,"date":"2023-02-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-12T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo-e4eee8a10edd\/"},"modified":"2023-02-15T19:48:00","modified_gmt":"2023-02-15T19:48:00","slug":"kaspa-and-the-utxo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo\/","title":{"rendered":"Kaspa and the\u00a0UTXO"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.16″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n

Kaspa uses unspent transaction outputs similar to Bitcoin.<\/em><\/p>\n

Kaspa is a UTXO\u00a0Chain<\/h3>\n

Unlike Account-based blockchains, such as Ethereum, EOS, Tron, and Ethereum Classic, Kaspa<\/a> uses UTXOs as Bitcoin does. If you have used a Kaspa non-custodial wallet or ventured onto the explorer, you may see that both TXs and UTXOs are logged. To the average user, the operations of Account-based chains to UTXO-based chains seem similar; however, a UTXO is a unique ledger process exclusive to crypto transactions and is considered more secure and transparent.<\/p>\n

The UTXO<\/h3>\n

A UTXO-based blockchain uses the unspent transaction output<\/strong> method for accounting. This method was first introduced in the Bitcoin whitepaper by Satoshi Nakamoto. Unlike traditional accounting systems, a UTXO-based ledger does not have accounts or wallets at the protocol level. Instead, transactions consist of a combination of inputs and outputs. The coins are recorded as a list of unspent transaction outputs. Though wallets can be built using crypto APIs on UTXO-based blockchains like Bitcoin, these are not part of the chain\u2019s protocol level.<\/p>\n

The UTXO and the\u00a0TX<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Transactions (TX) in a UTXO chain are made by utilizing existing unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs) and creating new UTXOs in their place. A UTXO value cannot be split but can be combined with other UTXOs to meet the required transaction amount. Think of UTXOs like cash bills: just as a paper bill cannot be divided, a UTXO value must be used in its entirety\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Let\u2019s say you have a $5, $10, and $20\u00a0bill.<\/h4>\n

Transaction #1<\/h3>\n

To purchase an item that costs $5. You use the $5 bill. This results in one UTXO input of the $5 bill and one UTXO output (the recipient gets a $5 bill).<\/p>\n

Transaction #2<\/h3>\n

The item costs $15. You use $5 and $10. Here, you have multiple inputs and just one output, with the recipient getting $15.<\/p>\n

Transaction #3<\/h3>\n

The item costs $25. You pay using a $10 and a $20 bill, totaling $30. Therefore, there are multiple inputs (one $10 and one $20 bill) and multiple outputs\u200a\u2014\u200a$30 received by the recipient and the $5 you were given in change.<\/p>\n

The bills you spend and receive back (outputs) will be used to make future payments, becoming inputs. Until then, they are classed as unspent, i.e., Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXO).<\/p>\n

UTXOs on\u00a0Kaspa<\/h3>\n

Suppose you want to send someone 200 KAS but only have a UTXO worth 500 KAS in your wallet. You must send the full 500 KAS UTXO to the recipient to complete this transaction. It\u2019s like paying with cash. The protocol handles this process, eliminating the need to trust the recipient with your change. So, when you make this transfer, the recipient will receive their 200 KAS, and the remaining 300 KAS \u201cchange\u201d will be sent back to your address as a new, smaller UTXO.<\/p>\n

Tip<\/strong>: Currently the TX fee is 0.0001 Kas per UTXO.<\/p>\n

KASPA<\/a><\/p>\n

DISCORD<\/a><\/p>\n

TELEGRAM<\/a><\/p>\n

TWITTER<\/a><\/p>\n

REDDIT<\/a><\/p>\n

GITHUB<\/a><\/p>\n

EXPLORER<\/a><\/p>\n

Comment below or find me on the Kaspa discord\u200a\u2014\u200aBubblegum Lightning<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kaspa uses unspent transaction outputs similar to Bitcoin. Kaspa is a UTXO\u00a0Chain Unlike Account-based blockchains, such as Ethereum, EOS, Tron, and Ethereum Classic, Kaspa uses UTXOs as Bitcoin does. If you have used a Kaspa non-custodial wallet or ventured onto the explorer, you may see that both TXs and UTXOs are logged. To the average […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":44310,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"

Kaspa and the\u00a0UTXO<\/h3>

Kaspa uses unspent transaction outputs similar to Bitcoin.<\/em><\/p>

\"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Kaspa is a UTXO\u00a0Chain<\/h3>

Unlike Account-based blockchains, such as Ethereum, EOS, Tron, and Ethereum Classic, Kaspa<\/a> uses UTXOs as Bitcoin does. If you have used a Kaspa non-custodial wallet or ventured onto the explorer, you may see that both TXs and UTXOs are logged. To the average user, the operations of Account-based chains to UTXO-based chains seem similar; however, a UTXO is a unique ledger process exclusive to crypto transactions and is considered more secure and transparent.<\/p>

The UTXO<\/h3>

A UTXO-based blockchain uses the unspent transaction output<\/strong> method for accounting. This method was first introduced in the Bitcoin whitepaper by Satoshi Nakamoto. Unlike traditional accounting systems, a UTXO-based ledger does not have accounts or wallets at the protocol level. Instead, transactions consist of a combination of inputs and outputs. The coins are recorded as a list of unspent transaction outputs. Though wallets can be built using crypto APIs on UTXO-based blockchains like Bitcoin, these are not part of the chain\u2019s protocol level.<\/p>

The UTXO and the\u00a0TX<\/strong><\/h3>

Transactions (TX) in a UTXO chain are made by utilizing existing unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs) and creating new UTXOs in their place. A UTXO value cannot be split but can be combined with other UTXOs to meet the required transaction amount. Think of UTXOs like cash bills: just as a paper bill cannot be divided, a UTXO value must be used in its entirety.<\/p>

\"\"
<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Let\u2019s say you have a $5, $10, and $20\u00a0bill.<\/h4>

Transaction #1<\/h3>

To purchase an item that costs $5. You use the $5 bill. This results in one UTXO input of the $5 bill and one UTXO output (the recipient gets a $5 bill).<\/p>

Transaction #2<\/h3>

The item costs $15. You use $5 and $10. Here, you have multiple inputs and just one output, with the recipient getting $15.<\/p>

Transaction #3<\/h3>

The item costs $25. You pay using a $10 and a $20 bill, totaling $30. Therefore, there are multiple inputs (one $10 and one $20 bill) and multiple outputs\u200a\u2014\u200a$30 received by the recipient and the $5 you were given in change.<\/p>

The bills you spend and receive back (outputs) will be used to make future payments, becoming inputs. Until then, they are classed as unspent, i.e., Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXO).<\/p>

UTXOs on\u00a0Kaspa<\/h3>

Suppose you want to send someone 200 KAS but only have a UTXO worth 500 KAS in your wallet. You must send the full 500 KAS UTXO to the recipient to complete this transaction. It\u2019s like paying with cash. The protocol handles this process, eliminating the need to trust the recipient with your change. So, when you make this transfer, the recipient will receive their 200 KAS, and the remaining 300 KAS \u201cchange\u201d will be sent back to your address as a new, smaller UTXO.<\/p>

Tip<\/strong>: Currently the TX fee is 0.0001 Kas per UTXO.<\/p>

KASPA<\/a><\/p>

DISCORD<\/a><\/p>

TELEGRAM<\/a><\/p>

TWITTER<\/a><\/p>

REDDIT<\/a><\/p>

GITHUB<\/a><\/p>

EXPLORER<\/a><\/p>

Comment below or find me on the Kaspa discord\u200a\u2014\u200aBubblegum Lightning<\/p>","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nKaspa and the\u00a0UTXO - Kaspa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kaspa and the\u00a0UTXO - Kaspa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kaspa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/KaspaCurrency\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-12T00:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-15T19:48:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/1mD5BNX-pPw7JJxwCc2ZNFQ.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"492\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Nathaniel Crowningshield\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@KaspaCurrency\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@KaspaCurrency\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nathaniel Crowningshield\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Nathaniel Crowningshield\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/#\/schema\/person\/a35816ff67b0ca3c7f5c3e982d37521f\"},\"headline\":\"Kaspa and the\u00a0UTXO\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-12T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-15T19:48:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo\/\"},\"wordCount\":559,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Technology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-and-the-utxo\/\",\"name\":\"Kaspa and the\u00a0UTXO - 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You are here. Post published 02\/08\/2022.\u200a\u2014\u200aFull Emission\u00a0Schedule All good things come to an end\u2026 or do\u00a0they? The end of blockchain emissions is when the blockchain system stops generating new tokens or coins. This stop in coin production can happen for\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "General"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kaspa.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/1zJWOpXqwXygLPvIfPZy11g.png?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":44423,"url":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/the-life-cycle-of-a-transaction\/","url_meta":{"origin":44275,"position":2},"title":"The Life Cycle of a Transaction","date":"February 17, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Natural order of Kaspa. Transactions are at the core of any blockchain-based system, allowing users to transfer digital assets from one account to another. Countless transactions are made at every moment without a glimmer of thought. For the typical user, the transaction\u2019s lifespan seems to last only a few seconds.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "General"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kaspa.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0_md7V3EKzaLl77Ias.webp?fit=1100%2C619&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":44276,"url":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/tokenomics-emission-and-mining\/","url_meta":{"origin":44275,"position":3},"title":"Tokenomics, Emission, and\u00a0Mining","date":"January 29, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Kaspa is fair-launched: No ICO\u200a\u2014\u200aNo vesting phase\u200a\u2014\u200aNo premine. Max supply: ~28.7 billion KAS Current circulating: ~16.28B KAS Layer-1 Proof-of-work Coin Currently, the TX fee is calculated as 0.0001 KAS per UTXO. Kaspa Emission Schedule\u00a0Graph The Kaspa Monetary Policy has two phases: Pre-deflationary Phase: This began at the mainnet start, November\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "General"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kaspa.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/0_hnVLb_ErAZchZniQ.jpg?fit=875%2C583&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":44740,"url":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-cli-wallet-tutorial-by-avoghadro\/","url_meta":{"origin":44275,"position":4},"title":"Kaspa CLI Wallet Tutorial by AvogHadro","date":"March 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"A tutorial on installing a CLI Wallet on Windows. CLI Wallet with\u00a0Kaspad Now that we have gone through the process of syncing a kaspad node, we will create and use a command line interface(CLI) wallet using kaspawallet.exe in the list of programs in kaspad. While your node is active, open\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Mining"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kaspa.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1_u_oD8_jLFjXCAzwcq57rjw.webp?fit=1200%2C608&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":111,"url":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/kaspa-launch-plan-responding-to-reality-pt-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":44275,"position":5},"title":"Kaspa launch plan (responding to reality) – Pt-2","date":"November 18, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"First and foremost I wanted to thank you all for joining and forming this community, for the interest, excitement, and involvement around the project. Seeing my PhD obsession \u2014 POW DAG consensus \u2014 realize itself into a live network and a spontaneous community is thrilling yet humbling. Thank you, Todah!\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "History"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44275"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44275"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44275\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44327,"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44275\/revisions\/44327"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kaspa.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}